Main Point
Check the records, formula references, units and comparison base before using a spreadsheet conclusion. Preserve missing inputs in both the calculation and the business explanation.
Key Points
- Preserve a source copy and reconcile the orders before calculating.
- Inspect the actual cells used by a suggested formula.
- Verify a total through separate arithmetic and record counts.
- State what gross sales and the percentage measure.
- Keep the second-week net-sales comparison unresolved until the missing return count is confirmed.
1. Begin with the business question
The fictional Harbor manager wants a reliable weekly sales comparison. An increase can look convincing even when an export repeats a transaction or a calculation uses the wrong range. The useful deliverable is a short conclusion with a calculation that a colleague can reproduce, plus a clear follow-up for the missing input.
Use the supplied fictional table. Before using an assistant with real business information, confirm the data, account and proposed actions are permitted. Keep a source copy before applying edits. A spreadsheet and calculator provide a complete route for this exercise.
An assistant may propose formulas or explain a reference. Its access to the workbook and ability to change cells depend on the actual tool and account. Inspect any proposed calculation in the sheet before accepting it.
2. Read the records before the totals
MAT12 contains nine export records representing eight unique orders. The supplied export note confirms that the final O107 record repeats the same order. Preserve the raw export and create an analysis copy with that one confirmed repetition removed. Retain a note explaining the decision.
The O108 returned-unit count is unconfirmed. A missing value records information that is unknown. A confirmed zero would state that no units were returned. Keep the blank and its unresolved status visible.
| Check | Supplied evidence | Treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Repeated O107 | Export note confirms the same order was exported twice | Remove the one confirmed repeat from the analysis copy |
| Blank O108 returns | No confirmed count supplied | Seek clarification; withhold complete week-two net sales |
| Unique records | Eight identifiers remain after reconciliation | Four orders per week |
| Quantity and price | Sold-unit counts and USD per unit | Multiply using their stated units |
Similar-looking records in another dataset may represent separate transactions. The duplicate decision here depends on the supplied evidence about this export.
3. Know the cells and quantities
A cell reference is an address such as E13. A range identifies a group of cells such as H13:H16. A formula calculates from specified values or references.
The checked analysis table uses these columns and rows:
| Location | Meaning |
|---|---|
| E13:E20 | Sold units |
| F13:F20 | Unit price, USD per unit |
| G13:G20 | Returned-unit counts; G20 remains unconfirmed |
| H13:H20 | Row gross sales, USD |
| I13:I20 | Row net sales under this exercise’s definition |
| Rows 13–16 | Week 1 |
| Rows 17–20 | Week 2 |
Gross sales here means sold units multiplied by unit price, before returns. The exercise’s net-sales measure subtracts returned units at that same price. This simplified measure excludes other costs, taxes and accounting adjustments. It does not establish profit.
4. Build and inspect the gross-sales formula
For O101, E13 contains 10 units and F13 contains USD 8 per unit. The formula `=E13*F13` produces USD 80 in H13.
Read the references as well as the answer:
- E13 supplies the quantity for this order.
- F13 supplies its price per unit.
- Units × USD per unit gives USD.
When the formula is copied to H20, inspect that it uses E20 and F20. A copied formula that continues to use the first order’s inputs can generate plausible-looking results with the wrong meaning.
The weekly totals use `=SUM(H13:H16)` and `=SUM(H17:H20)`. Check the first and last row of each range against the order list.
5. Verify the calculation independently
Use MAT13 to record a second calculation from the units and prices. A calculator or written arithmetic is sufficient.
| Week | Independent row calculations, USD | Gross total, USD | Sold units |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10×8=80; 20×5=100; 5×12=60; 8×8=64 | 304 | 43 |
| 2 | 12×8=96; 15×5=75; 6×12=72; 10×8=80 | 323 | 43 |
Compare these totals with the spreadsheet. The row-count and unit-count checks help reveal a repeated order or omitted row. Reusing the same mistaken total in another cell would not provide an independent check.
6. State the percentage base
A denominator is the quantity used as the base of a ratio. The question asks how week 2 changed relative to week 1, so week 1 gross sales is the denominator.
- Difference: USD 323 − USD 304 = USD 19.
- Divide by the base: USD 19 ÷ USD 304 = 0.0625.
- Display as a percentage: 6.25%.
If the summary stores week-one gross in B5 and week-two gross in C5, the percentage formula is `=(C5-B5)/B5`. Apply a percentage number format. The dollar units cancel in the ratio.
A supported conclusion is: “After removing the confirmed repeated export record, gross sales increased from USD 304 to USD 323, a 6.25% increase relative to week 1. Sold units were 43 in both weeks.” Product mix changed, but the table does not establish the cause. It provides no evidence of a new promotion effect.
7. Preserve the returns uncertainty
For week 1, known returns have a value of USD 8 + USD 12 = USD 20. Under the stated exercise definition:
USD 304 gross − USD 20 returned value = USD 284 net sales.
The full week-two calculation needs O108’s returned-unit count. A formula must preserve this unresolved input. Summing only known rows establishes a subtotal with an excluded order, not the complete week.
The worked explanation demonstrates a missing-input guard as well as the arithmetic. Inspect that the summary shows “Unresolved” while G20 is unconfirmed. Once the responsible source confirms the count, update the input and check the recalculation. Retain the original export and the reason for the update.
8. Use analytical assistance with an inspectable request
A bounded request could be:
> Using this checked fictional table, propose a formula for weekly gross sales. State the exact cells, units and one independent check. Flag missing inputs. Keep the source unchanged until I review the proposed edits.
Microsoft’s September 2026 account describes a finance leader in Malaysia using Copilot in Excel to analyze and synthesize financial and business data and explore questions about the figures. This is vendor-reported workplace use. It provides no independently measured saving for Harbor. The practical benefit to evaluate is whether assistance helps produce a correct, inspectable answer after preparation, checking and correction effort are included.
Current product guidance describes spreadsheet-assistance features with product and account conditions. Use the actual available tool, or complete the exercise manually. A polished explanation does not establish that its suggested range is correct.
9. Practice
Use the learner workbook and blank MAT13 check sheet before opening the separate worked explanation.
- Preserve the nine-row raw source and reconcile the confirmed repeated export.
- Complete the eight-order analysis and flag the unconfirmed return input.
- Calculate both weekly gross totals and the percentage change relative to week 1.
- Record independent row arithmetic and the unit-count check.
- Write a two-sentence business conclusion with the gross result and unresolved net comparison.
- Record what input must be confirmed, plus any preparation, checking and correction effort if you use an assistant.
10. Learning Checks
PRACTICAL-AI-WORK-L05-Q01
After the verified duplicate is removed, gross sales are USD 304 in week 1 and USD 323 in week 2. What is the percentage change relative to week 1, and what does it measure?
Explanation
The difference is USD 19. USD 19 ÷ USD 304 = 0.0625, or 6.25%. It is the change in gross sales before returns under the fixture’s definition. Both weeks have 43 sold units; the records do not establish a causal promotion effect.
PRACTICAL-AI-WORK-L05-Q02
O108’s returned-unit count remains blank. Can complete week-two net sales be reported under the stated definition? What follow-up is needed?
Explanation
Keep complete week-two net sales unresolved. Obtain the confirmed returned-unit count, update the input and verify the recalculation. A labeled known subtotal can be useful, but it cannot establish the full-week total.
Sources and limits
Checked 24 October 2026. Harbor orders and the export note are authored teaching fixtures.
- Microsoft employee workplace account, September 2026: vendor-reported analytical use, with no Harbor outcome inferred.
- Microsoft Excel Copilot FAQ: actual feature and account conditions; review generated output.
- SUM function guidance: adding specified cell ranges.
- Data insights with Copilot in Excel: product guidance for analytical assistance; no outcome guarantee.